The answer to this question is yes, but it's not recommended. Your air conditioning system will continue to operate without a filter, but it's best to wait until you have a replacement one. Running an air conditioner without a filter is worse than running it with a dirty one. Instead, go to the store as soon as possible for a replacement or call an HVAC professional to have it replaced.
Without a filter, your air conditioner risks serious and costly problems. All heat pumps and ovens have filters, and if your home uses another type of heating system, such as a boiler that uses water to heat the house, it won't have filters. But for a furnace or heat pump, a filter is a vital component. An oven filter serves as a barrier to trap dust and dirt that enters through the return duct so they don't reach the fan fan.
This protects the boiler and keeps the air cleaner, since the HVAC system does not recirculate allergens to the air. The main purpose of your air conditioning filter is to clean the air that circulates through the air conditioning system. Experts don't recommend running your HVAC system without a filter because it can lead to poor indoor air quality. As dust and dirt enter the interior of the air conditioner, this contaminant will retreat repeatedly and remain suspended in the air.
The longer you leave your air conditioner running without a filter, the more likely you are to have problems with indoor air quality. As a result, you or others in your household may experience an increase in allergy symptoms, respiratory problems, eye irritation, or nose and throat irritation. Additionally, running the air conditioner without a filter for more than 6 to 8 hours can cause serious damage to the air conditioning system and significantly reduce your home's air quality. One way to ensure that your HVAC system is always running with a filter is to keep the air filter clean and always make sure it's in place before operating the system.
After all, running the air conditioner for more than a day without a filter could affect the system enough to ensure an immediate repair of the air conditioner.